Language

Conventions of Standard English
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 * @L.5.1. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
 * Explain the function of conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in general and their function in particular sentences.
 * Form and use the perfect (e.g., //I had walked; I have walked; I will have walked//) verb tenses.
 * Use verb tense to convey various times, sequences, states, and conditions.
 * Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense.*
 * Use correlative conjunctions (e.g., //either/or, neither/nor//).
 * @L.5.2.Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
 * Use punctuation to separate items in a series.*
 * Use a comma to separate an introductory element from the rest of the sentence.
 * Use a comma to set off the words //yes// and //no// (e.g., //Yes, thank you//), to set off a tag question from the rest of the sentence (e.g., //It’s true, isn’t it?//), and to indicate direct address (e.g., //Is that you, Steve?//).
 * Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to indicate titles of works.
 * Spell grade-appropriate words correctly, consulting references as needed.

Knowledge of Language

 * @L.5.3.Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
 * Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.
 * Compare and contrast the varieties of English (e.g., //dialects, registers//) used in stories, dramas, or poems.

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

 * @L.5.4.Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 5 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
 * Use context (e.g., cause/effect relationships and comparisons in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
 * Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., //photograph, photosynthesis//).
 * Consult reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation and determine or clarify the precise meaning of key words and phrases.
 * @L.5.5.Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
 * Interpret figurative language, including similes and metaphors, in context.
 * Recognize and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.
 * Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonyms, antonyms, homographs) to better understand each of the words.
 * @L.5.6. Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, including those that signal contrast, addition, and other logical relationships (e.g.,//however, although, nevertheless, similarly, moreover, in addition//).